November 11, 2015

800 years ago
1215

Religion
More than 2½ years after Pope Innocent III had convoked an ecumenical council, the Fourth Council of the Lateran opened at the Lateran Palace in Rome. The 900 abbots and priors, 412 bishops, and 71 metropolitans and patriarchs considered 71 decrees presented by the pope.

210 years ago
1805

War
French forces fought against Russian and Austrian forces in the Battle of Dürenstein in Austria.

180 years ago
1835

Born on this date
Arthur Fremantle. U.K. military officer and politician. Sir Arthur served with the British Army from 1852 until his death, although he didn't see combat until he fought in Sudan in the mid-1880s. He visited the Confederate States in 1863 during the American Civil War, and was a witness to the Battle of Gettysburg. Sir Arthur visited New York before departing America, and happened to be there to witness the draft riots in July 1863. He kept a diary during his visit, which was the basis of his book Three Months in the Southern States (1864), which was a bestseller on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean. Sir Arthur served a term as Governor of Malta (1894-1899) and then returned to England, where he died from an asthma attack on September 25, 1901 at the age of 65.

150 years ago
1865

War
Sikkim Political Officer Herbert Bruce, representing British India, and King Ugyen Wangchuck of Bhutan and his ministers signed the Treaty of Sinchula, ending the Duar War.

120 years ago
1895

Born on this date
Cy Morgan. U.S. baseball pitcher. Mr. Morgan played in 17 games as a relief pitcher with the Boston Braves in 1921 and 2 games in 1922, compiling a record of 1-1 with an earned run average of 7.39. He was 23-7 with an ERA of 2.29 in 35 games with the Springfield Hampdens of the Eastern League in 1920. A sore arm ended Mr. Morgan's career after the 1922 season; he died on September 11, 1946 at the age of 50, after a lengthy illness.

110 years ago
1905

Transportation
The Canadian Pacific Steamship RMS Empress of Britain was launched at Govan, Scotland.

Football
CRU
ORFU
Hamilton (6-0) 22 @ Toronto Argonauts (4-2) 10

100 years ago
1915

Born on this date
William Proxmire. U.S. politician. Mr. Proxmire, a Democrat, represented Wisconsin in the United States Senate from 1957-1989. He was known for his opposition to space exploration and his Golden Fleece Award, presented for what he regarded as the most ridiculous waste of taxpayers' money. Sen. Proxmire died on December 15, 2005 at the age of 90.

75 years ago
1940

War
British carrier planes crippled half the Italian fleet in an attack on Taranto. The German cruiser Atlantis captured top secret British mail, and sent it to Japan.

Diplomacy
U.S. Ambassador to the United Kingdom Joseph P. Kennedy repudiated an interview published in the Boston Globe the previous day which quoted him as saying that democracy ws finished in Britain and woul soon be replaced by national socialism.

Thailand agreed to moderate its demands on French Indochina in exchange for a Japanese promise of mediation.

Politics and government
Japanese reports from Indochina said that Rear Admiral Jean Decoux had resigned as Governor General of the French colony.

Crime
11 men died and 52 became seriously ill after eating pancakes containing roach powder at a Salvation Army Social Service Center in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The crime was believed to be the work of a discharged cook, who had threatened to get even.

Disasters
144 people were killed by tornadoes and blizzards that swept eastward from the Rocky Mountains to the Appalachians and from Canada to the Gulf of Mexico.

70 years ago
1945

Died on this date
Jerome Kern, 60. U.S. songwriter. Mr. Kern was one of the most prominent songwriters of the first half of the 20th century, especially for musical theatre. He won Academy Awards for Best Original Song for The Way You Look Tonight (1936, from Swing Time) and The Last Time I Saw Paris (1941, from Lady Be Good). Mr. Kern's other songs included Ol' Man River and Smoke Gets in Your Eyes. He died of a cerebral hemorrhage.

War
Chinese Nationalists reported that attempts to obtain Soviet permission to let their forces be flown in to Manchuria were underway.

Defense
In his last report to U.S. Secretary of War Robert Patterson on the Army Air Force, General Hap Arnold predicted that any future war would see the use of robot planes launched from spac vehicles and that the U.S. should begin appropriate military defense measures.

Economics and finance
The U.S. House of Representatives Colmer Committee recommended the reorganization of U.S. foreign economic policy directed by an undersecretary for economic affairs. It added that the U.S.S.R. should disclose productuion statistics and trade pact details before receiving U.S. aid.

Football
NFL
New York (1-4-1) 17 @ Philadelphia (4-2) 38
Boston (3-3-1) 7 @ Washington (5-1) 34
Chicago Cardinals (1-7) 0 @ Pittsburgh (2-5) 23
Green Bay (4-3) 7 @ Cleveland (6-1) 20
Detroit (6-1) 35 @ Chicago Bears (1-6) 28

60 years ago
1955

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Hernando's Hideaway--The Johnston Brothers

At the movies
Running Wild, directed by Abner Biberman, and starring William Campbell, Mamie Van Doren, Keenan Wynn, and Kathleen Case, opened in theatres in New York City.



Football
CRU
WIFU
Finals
Edmonton 29 @ Winnipeg 6 (Edmonton led best-of-three series 1-0)

Johnny Bright scored 2 touchdowns and Bob Heydenfeldt added a touchdown and 2 singles as the Eskimos routed the Blue Bombers at Winnipeg Stadium. Normie Kwong scored the other Edmonton TD. Bob Dean converted 3 of the touchdowns and added a field goal and single.

50 years ago
1965

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.K. (Record Retailer): Get Off My Cloud--The Rolling Stones (2nd week at #1)

Died on this date
Luis Arturo González López, 64. President of Guatemala, 1957. Mr. González was a judge on the Supreme Court (1945-1951), reportedly removed from the bench because of pressure from Communists. He was appointed Vice President to Carlos Castillo Armas in 1957, and became interim President on July 27, following the assassination of Presient Castillo. An election on October 20 resulted in a plurality for Miguel Ortiz Passarelli, but supporters of Miguel Ydígoras Fuentes rioted, leading to a declaration of martial law for 30 days. On October 24, Mr. González was deposed by a military coup.

Music
The Beatles were at EMI Studios in London, where they recorded the songs You Won't See Me and Girl, and finished recording the song I'm Looking Through You.

Africana
Rhodesia, led by Prime Minister Ian Smith, unilaterally and illegally declared independence from Britain as a result of years of frustration in attempting to gain legal independence.

40 years ago
1975

Africana
The southern colony of Angola gained its independence from Portugal as rival groups, backed by Soviet, Chinese, and American aid, batteld for control.

Politics and government
Sir John Kerr, Governor General of Australia, dismissed Gough Whitlam, leader of the Labour Party, as Prime Minister because he couldn't get his budget passed in the Senate. Sir John asked Malcolm Fraser, leader of the opposition Liberal Party, to form a government until an election was held. The dismissal of Mr. Whitlam led to strikes and protests in the streets.

Economics and finance
In reaction to the political upheaval in Canberra, the Sydney Stock Exchange rose 17.32 points to 419.57, its highest level of the year.

30 years ago
1985

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Take on Me--A-Ha

#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Kami-sama Help!--The Checkers

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Part-Time Lover--Stevie Wonder (3rd week at #1)

Died on this date
Pelle Lindbergh, 26. Swedish-born U.S. hockey goaltender. Mr. Lindbergh played for the Philadelphia Flyers, and won the Vezina Trophy as the National Hockey League’s most outstanding goaltender for the 1984-85 season while leading the Flyers to the championship of the Prince of Wales Conference. In 8 games in the 1985-86 season he posted a record of 6-2-0 with a goals against average of 2.88 and 1 shutout. In his last game with the team he didn’t play, but dressed as the backup to Bob Froese. Mr. Lindbergh died the day after crashing his Porsche into a cement wall at high speed in Somerdale, New Jersey and being pronounced brain-dead.

Journalism
The day after Pelle Lindbergh had crashed his car into a wall in Somerdale, New Jersey, the front page headline of The Edmonton Sun read GOALIE BRAIN DEAD.

25 years ago
1990

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): To Sir with Love--Ngaire (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland: I've Been Thinking About You--Londonbeat (2nd week at #1)

Austria's Top 10 (Ö3)
1 I've Been Thinking About You--Londonbeat
2 Tom's Diner--DNA featuring Suzanne Vega
3 Ich hab' geträumt von dir--Matthias Reim
4 Crazy for You--David Hasselhoff
5 Cult of Snap--Snap!
6 Blaze of Glory--Jon Bon Jovi
7 The Invisible Man--Dance with a Stranger
8 I am from Austria--Rainhard Fendrich
9 La luna lila (Purple Moon)--Luisa Fernandez & Peter Kent
10 Naked in the Rain--Black Pearl

Singles entering the chart were Release Me by Wilson Phillips (#24); Have You Seen Her by MC Hammer (#27); Are You Dreaming? by Twenty 4 Seven featuring Capt. Hollywood (#29); and Soca Dance by Charles D. Lewis (#30).

Died on this date
Sadi Irmak, 86. Prime Minister of Turkey, 1974-1975. Dr. Irmak was a physician and professor of physiology who was a member of the Republican People's Party (CHP), representing Konya in the Grand National Assembly (1943-1950), and serving as Minister of Labour (1945-1946). He was admitted to the Senate in 1974, and was commissioned by President Fahri Korutürk to form a government. Dr. Irmak resigned after just four months in office when his government lost a non-confidence vote in Parliament, but was elected to the Consultative Assembly in 1981, serving as its Speaker (1981-1983).

Football
CFL
Eastern Semi-Final
Ottawa 25 @ Toronto 34

Western Semi-Final
Saskatchewan 27 @ Edmonton 43

Mike "Pinball" Clemons rushed 12 times for 141 yards, caught 4 passes for 50, and totalled 364 all-purpose yards to lead the Argos to victory before a SkyDome crowd of 24,427. Rickey Foggie started at quarterback for the Argos, but left the game early with a bruised shoulder. John Congemi relieved him and left with a concussion in the 2nd quarter. Willie Gillus then came in to quarterback the Argos until Mr. Congemi returned for the final series of the game. Toronto struck first on a 32-yard Lance Chomyc field goal, but Mr. Foggie fumbled on the play that knocked him out of the game, and Gregg Stumon returned the ball 26 yards for a touchdown 5:38 into the game. Dean Dorsey converted and added a single on a missed field goal a few minutes later. A 30-yard field goal by Mr. Chomyc reduced Ottawa’s lead to 8-6. Midway through the 2nd quarter, the Rough Riders drove deep into Argo territory, but Reggie Barnes was stopped on a third-down gamble from the 2-yard line. A few plays later, Mr. Gillus connected with Darrell K. Smith for a 99-yard touchdown pass. Mr. Chomyc converted and added a 38-yard field goal with 9 seconds remaining until halftime to give the Argos a 16-8 lead. Mr. Chomyc added a single on a missed field goal early in the 3rd quarter, but the Rough Riders came back with 10 points to take an 18-17 lead at the end of the 3rd quarter. Quarterback Damon Allen rushed 1 yard for a touchdown, converted by Mr. Dorsey, and Mr. Dorsey kicked a 32-yard field goal with 53 seconds remaining in the quarter. Mr. Chomyc kicked a 32-yard field goal just 85 seconds later to give the Argos a 20-18 lead, and the lead became 27-18 just 1 minute and 38 seconds later when Don Wilson intercepted a pass from Mr. Allen and returned it 73 yards for a touchdown, converted by Mr. Chomyc. The Rough Riders moved within 2 points when Mr. Allen completed a 27-yard touchdown pass to James Ellingson. Mr. Dorsey converted, and Ottawa trailed 27-25 with 2:23 remaining in regulation time. However, Mr. Clemons took over, with a 41-yard rush, and then, a few plays later, a 24-yard rush for a touchdown with 1:10 remaining. Mr. Chomyc’s convert gave the Argos an insurmountable 9-point lead. Mr. Allen completed 20 of 35 passes for 326 yards, and led Ottawa rushers with 84 yards on 10 carries. Mr. Barnes was held to 47 yards on 15 carries. The three Toronto quarterbacks combined to complete just 10 of 23 passes, but managed 240 yards. Mr. Smith led with 119 yards on 3 receptions; he also rushed once for 38 yards.



Brian Walling, who had scored the winning touchdown in the previous year’s semi-final while playing for Saskatchewan, hurt his old team by rushing 10 times for 87 yards and adding 74 yards on 5 pass receptions on a snow-covered field before 23,006 fans at Commonwealth Stadium. Jeff Braswell got the Eskimos off to a good start when he intercepted a Kent Austin pass and returned it 23 yards for a touchdown 2:54 into the game, converted by Ray Macoritti. Mr. Austin connected with Jeff Fairholm for a 48-yard touchdown. Dave Ridgway converted and added a 32-yard field goal before Edmonton quarterback Tracy Ham completed a 10-yard touchdown pass to Michael Soles. Mr. Macoritti’s convert gave the Eskimos a 14-10 lead after the 1st quarter. The teams exchanged converted touchdowns in the 2nd quarter: Former Eskimo Milson Jones rushed 10 yards for Saskatchewan, and Mr. Ham connected with Craig Ellis for a 34-yard score with 1:19 remaining until halftime to give the Eskimos a 21-17 lead. Mr. Jones struck back with a 40-yard touchdown run just 1:04 into the 3rd quarter, converted by Mr. Ridgway. The Eskimos regained the lead with a 2-yard touchdown run by Blake Marshall, converted by Mr. Macoritti. Mr. Ridgway kicked a 27-yard field goal, and Mr. Marshall scored again on a 2-yard run with 1:30 remaining in the quarter. Mr. Macoritti’s convert gave the Eskimos a 35-27 lead. The Eskimos were successful at controlling the ball--mainly due to the plays involving Mr. Walling--in the 4th quarter. Mr. Macoritti kicked a single, and then Mr. Ham completed a 14-yard pass to Mr. Ellis with 2:06 remaining, converted by Mr. Macoritti, to put the game away. Mr. Jones rushed 12 times for 114 yards, but teammate Lucius Floyd was held to 4 yards on 6 carries and 28 yards on 8 pass receptions. Mr. Fairholm led all receivers with 84 yards on 3 receptions. Mr. Ellis caught 4 passes for 71 yards. Mr. Ham completed 20 of 35 passes for 290 yards and rushed 9 times for 62. Mr. Austin completed 22 of 35 passes for 208 yards, far below his usual output. Backup Jeff Bentrim relieved him in the 4th quarter and completed 3 of 5 for 20 yards. It was a penalty-filled game, with the Roughriders being flagged 15 times for 121 yards and the Eskimos 13 for 100.



NFL
Seattle 17 @ Kansas City 16

Derrick Thomas of the Chiefs set a league record for a single game with 7 sacks.

20 years ago
1995

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (ARIA): Gangsta's Paradise--Coolio featuring L.V. (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (VRT): Het is een Nacht... (Levensecht)--Guus Meeuwis & Vagant (6th week at #1)

#1 single in Wallonia (Ultratop 40): Je sais pas--Céline Dion (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in France (SNEP): Je sais pas--Céline Dion (5th week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): Gangsta's Paradise--Coolio featuring L.V. (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): I Believe/Up on the Roof--Robson & Jerome

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Fantasy--Mariah Carey (7th week at #1)
2 Gangsta's Paradise--Coolio featuring L.V.
3 Runaway--Janet Jackson
4 Kiss from a Rose--Seal
5 Tell Me--Groove Theory
6 As I Lay Me Down--Sophie B. Hawkins
7 Back for Good--Take That
8 Only Wanna Be with You--Hootie & the Blowfish
9 Who Can I Run To--Xscape
10 Name--Goo Goo Dolls

Singles entering the chart were Bullet with Butterfly Wings by the Smashing Pumpkins (#28); Beautiful Life by Ace of Base (#30); The Riddler by Method Man (#56); Time by Hootie & the Blowfish (#62); Hurricane by the Click (#63); Be My Lover by La Bouche (#85); Last Dayz by Onyx (#93); and I Will Remember You (Live) by Sarah McLachlan (#94). The Riddler was from the movie Batman Forever (1995).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Fantasy--Mariah Carey (6th week at #1)
2 Runaway--Janet Jackson
3 Gangsta's Paradise--Coolio featuring L.V.
4 As I Lay Me Down--Sophie B. Hawkins
5 Tell Me--Groove Theory
6 Kiss from a Rose--Seal
7 Roll to Me--Del Amitri
8 Who Can I Run To?--Xscape
9 Brokenhearted--Brandy
10 Back for Good--Take That

Singles entering the chart were You'll See by Madonna (#15); Hey Lover by LL Cool J (#30); Beautiful Life by Ace of Base (#51); Set U Free by Planet Soul (#57); Where Ever You Are by Terry Ellis (#72); Walk This World by Heather Nova (#73); I Miss You (Come Back Home) by Monifa (#75); Cruisin' by D'Angelo (#78); Love U 4 Life by Jodeci (#79); Bomdigi by Erick Sermon (#81); and Sexual Healing by Max-A-Million (#82).

Diplomacy
Nigeria was suspended from the Commonwealth of Nations in reprisal for the previous day's execution by the Nigerian government of environmental activist Ken Saro-Wiwa and eight others.

Protest
A general strike began in Bangladesh in an attempt to force the government to resign.

Football
CIAU
Hardy Cup
Saskatchewan 30 @ Calgary 32 (OT)



10 years ago
2005

Died on this date
Peter Drucker, 95. Austrian-born U.S. management consultant. Mr. Drucker, known as the "father of modern management," was known for the concept of "management by objectives," popularized in his book The Practice of Management (1954). Mr. Drucker promoted the idea of society as a three-legged stool, with the legs being the state, the private sector, and the non-profit sector--of which the most important is the state. Mr. Drucker, although not a Christian, has had a tremendous influence upon evangelical Christianity in the late 20th-early 21st century; Rick Warren, author of The Purpose Driven Life and pastor of Saddleback Church in southern California, has publicly acknowledged his debt to Peter Drucker. Mr. Drucker died eight days before his 96th birthday.

Keith Andes, 85. U.S. actor. Mr. Andes, born John Charles Andes, appeared in movies such as Clash by Night (1952) and A Life at Stake (1954), and in numerous television programs. He was suffering from bladder cancer and other ailments when he committed suicide by asphyxiation.

Moustapha Akkad, 75. Syrian-born U.S. movie director and producer. Mr. Akkad was best known for producing the Halloween series of movies and directing the films Mohammad, Messenger of God (1976) and Lion of the Desert (1981). He died two days after he and his daughter Rima Al Akkad Monla, 34, who died instantly, were among those in the lobby of the Grand Hyatt Hotel in Amman when a suicide bomber detonated an explosive.